Mammography (Mammogram) For Breast Cancer

Mammography (Mammogram) For Breast Cancer

Mammography, often called a mammogram, is a breast cancer screening and diagnostic tool that uses low-dose X-rays to create detailed images of the breast tissue, helping detect and diagnose breast cancer at an early stage.

 

What is Mammography

Mammography is a type of medical imaging.

  • It focuses on examining breast tissue.
  • It uses X-ray technology to create breast images.
  • Often used for breast cancer screening.
  • Helps detect tumors and abnormalities.
  • Essential for early cancer diagnosis.
  • Commonly performed on women as a preventive measure.

 

Mammography

Here are the basic details for the Mammography.

Also Known As Mammogram
Type Radiologic screening
Purpose Breast cancer detection
Preparation Avoid deodorant, lotions
Fasting Not required
Gender Typically females
Age Group Usually 40+ years
Procedure Duration 15-30 minutes
Reporting Time Typically within a few days
Cost 1500 - 3000* INR
Pregnancy Consideration Avoided during pregnancy
Risks and Safety Low radiation exposure, generally safe
Accessibility Available in medical centers

*Price range may vary as per location, facility, type, and procedure.

 

What are the Purpose or Reasons for Mammography?

Here are common reasons for Mammography.

  • Screen for early breast cancer detection
  • Detect breast abnormalities or tumors
  • Monitor breast health and changes over time
  • Guide further diagnostic procedures if needed
  • Improve chances of successful treatment for breast cancer

Mammography or Mammogram Meaning, Price, Result, Purpose,Procedure, Preparation, Results and Abnormal Results - Drlogy Scan

 

Types of Mammography

Here are 2 main types of Mammography along with their primary use.

Mammography Type Organ/System Primary Use
Digital Mammography Breasts Detect and screen for breast cancer
3D Mammography (Tomosynthesis) Breasts Improved breast cancer detection

These mammography types focus on breast cancer screening and detection.

 

Preparing for Your Mammography: Tips and Information

Here is the basic preparation before, during, and after Mammography for any patient.

 

Before the Mammography:

  • Consultation: Schedule the mammography and discuss any concerns or medical history with your healthcare provider.
  • Fasting: Generally, fasting is not required, but follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare team.
  • Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking. You may need to avoid certain deodorants, lotions, or powders on the day of the mammogram.
  • Clothing: Wear a two-piece outfit on the day of the exam for ease of undressing from the waist up.
  • Jewellery and Accessories: Remove jewellery and accessories from the chest area to ensure clear images.

 

During the Mammography:

  • Positioning: You will be positioned in front of the mammography machine, and each breast will be compressed between two plates for imaging.
  • Compression: Compression is applied to obtain the best possible images. It may feel uncomfortable but is usually brief.
  • Communication: You can communicate with the technician if you have any concerns or discomfort during the procedure.

 

After the Mammography:

  • Recovery: There is typically no special recovery needed. You can resume your normal activities immediately.
  • Results: Your mammography results will be reviewed by a radiologist, and a report will be sent to your healthcare provider.
  • Follow-Up: Schedule a follow-up appointment with your healthcare provider to discuss the mammography results and any further steps, if necessary.

Remember that specific instructions may vary depending on your individual case and the protocols of the healthcare facility. Always follow the guidance provided by your healthcare team for a successful and safe mammogram.

 

Who Performs a Mammography?

 

Professional Role
Radiologic Technologist Positions and operates the machine, and assists with imaging.
Radiologist Interprets the mammogram images, and provides a report.

 

Mammography Procedure

The procedure for Mammography typically follows these steps:

  • Check-in and registration at the clinic/hospital.
  • Change into a gown provided by the facility.
  • You'll stand in front of the mammography machine.
  • A radiologic technologist positions your breast on a platform.
  • A clear plastic paddle is gently pressed against your breast to flatten it.
  • The machine takes X-ray images from different angles.
  • This process is repeated for the other breast.
  • You may feel slight discomfort during compression.
  • The entire procedure usually takes around 20 minutes.
  • The images are reviewed by a radiologist for any abnormalities.
  • You'll be informed of the results, which may require further testing if necessary.

 

Mammography Results

Here are some common elements you might find in a Mammography report:

Mammography Findings Interpretation
Breast Density Categories: Almost entirely fatty, scattered fibroglandular tissue, heterogeneously dense, extremely dense
Masses or Lumps Location, size, shape, and characteristics of any detected masses
Calcifications Description of any calcifications, such as microcalcifications
Architectural Distortions Presence or absence of distortions in breast tissue
Asymmetries Any observed asymmetries in breast tissue
Skin or Nipple Changes Noting any skin or nipple abnormalities
Axillary Lymph Nodes Evaluation of axillary lymph nodes for enlargement or abnormalities
Impression Summary of key findings
Recommendations Follow-up tests, additional imaging, or biopsy if necessary
Conclusion Final remarks or clinical recommendations

It's important to remember that mammography results are interpreted by radiologists or healthcare professionals, and any abnormal findings should be discussed with a healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.

 

Mammography Abnormal Results

Here's a simplified potential causes of abnormal mammography results:

Abnormal Mammography Finding Potential Causes
Mass or lump Benign tumor, cyst, cancer
Microcalcifications Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), benign calcifications
Architectural distortion Cancer, scarring, post-surgical changes
Asymmetry Benign breast tissue, positional differences
Skin or nipple changes Skin infection, cancer, benign skin conditions
Axillary lymph node enlargement Infection, inflammation, cancer spreading to lymph nodes

Abnormal mammography findings should always be evaluated by a healthcare provider, typically with follow-up tests or a biopsy to determine the underlying cause and appropriate next steps.

 

How Long Does a Mammography Take?

The duration of mammography can vary, but here's a general guideline for the different stages of the procedure:

Stage of Mammography Time
Registration and paperwork 5-10 minutes
Changing into a gown 2-5 minutes
Imaging process (per breast) 5-10 minutes
Waiting for images to be reviewed 5-10 minutes
Optional additional views 5-10 minutes (per view)
Total Time (for both breasts) Approximately 20-45 minutes

Please note that these times are approximate and can vary depending on factors like the facility's efficiency and the need for additional views or procedures. It's a good practice to arrive a little early for your appointment to allow time for registration and paperwork.

 

Mammography Report

Mammography Report Format Example Sample Template - Drlogy Lab Report

Mammography Report Sample PDF

 

Mammography Limitation

Here are some limitations associated with Mammography.

  • Radiation exposure
  • Dense breast tissue
  • False positives/negatives
  • Not for all ages
  • Interpretation errors

 

Mammography Risk Factors

Here are some risk factors associated with Mammography

  • Age
  • Family history
  • Genetic mutations (BRCA)
  • Hormone therapy
  • Radiation exposure
  • Previous breast cancer
  • Dense breast tissue

 

Exploring the Safety of Mammography: Myth vs Reality

Myth Reality
Causes cancer Low radiation risk
Always detects cancer Misses some cancers
No risk factors for false results False positives and negatives
Unsafe during pregnancy Safe during pregnancy

 

Mammography Price

Here are the estimated Mammography Prices in India with different top cities:

City Price Range (INR)*
Mumbai 1500 - 3000
New Delhi 1800 - 3000
Bangalore 1500 - 3000
Hyderabad 1800 - 3000
Kolkata 1500 - 3000
Pune 1800 - 3000
Lucknow 1500 - 3000
Noida 1800 - 3000
Surat 1800 - 3000
Gurugram 1500 - 3000
Patna 1500 - 3000
Chennai 1800 - 3000
Jaipur 1800 - 3000
Ahmedabad 1500 - 3000

*Prices are approximate and the range may vary as per location, facility, type, and procedure.

 

Summary

Overall, Mammography is a valuable tool for breast cancer screening, despite its limitations and misconceptions. Also check Drlogy Test for detailed information about all medical tests for patients, doctors, scholers and medical students.

 

Reference

  • Mammography - Wikipedia [1].
  • Mammography - StatPearls NIH [2].

 

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Mammography FAQ

What is mammography?

Mammography is a medical imaging technique specifically designed for breast examination. It utilizes low-dose X-rays to create detailed images of breast tissue, aiding in the detection and diagnosis of breast conditions, including cancer.

Why is mammography important?

Mammography plays a pivotal role in early breast cancer detection, enabling timely treatment. Regular screenings are crucial, as they can identify tumors before they become palpable, increasing the chances of successful treatment and reducing mortality rates.

Does mammography hurt?

Mammography may cause slight discomfort due to breast compression during the procedure, but it is typically well-tolerated and brief. The benefits of early cancer detection far outweigh any temporary discomfort.

What's the difference between 2D and 3D mammography?

2D mammography provides two-dimensional images, while 3D mammography, also known as tomosynthesis, offers three-dimensional views. 3D mammograms enhance cancer detection by providing clearer images, reducing the need for additional tests.

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