CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test For Blood Cell Analysis

What is CBC Test

CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test is a blood test that measures various components of blood.

• It provides information about red blood cells, white blood cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Platelets value.
• CBC Test helps evaluate overall health and detect infections, anemia, and blood disorders.
• CBC test results are used to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions.

 

CBC Test 

Here are the basic details for the CBC Test.

Also Known As	Complete Blood Count, Complete Haemogram, CBC
Type	Blood Test
Purpose	To evaluate blood and report counts of different blood components.
Sample Type	Blood
Preparation	No Special Preparation Required
Fasting	No
Gender	All
Age-Group	Any
Normal Value	Varies as Per Parameter
Reporting Time	1 - 2 hours
Cost	150 to 450* INR

*Price range may vary as per location, lab type, and procedure of lab test.

 

CBC Test Full Form

The full form of CBC Test is Complete Blood Count Test.

 

CBC Test Means

The CBC (Complete Blood Count) test is one of the most commonly done blood tests. 

• To understand this test, it is very important to know that blood consists of two major parts: primarily plasma and cellular elements
• This plasma is part of the blood that is liquid, which allows the blood to flow easily. 
• The other part of the blood consists of cells.
• The three major cells in the blood are white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and platelets.

Interesting Facts About CBC Test

• The CBC (Complete Blood Count) test is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests in medical practice.
• Blood makes up approximately 7% to 8% of a person's total body weight.
• Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body.

 

Purpose Of CBC Test

The purpose of the CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test is to evaluate the overall health of a patient and to detect the presence of various blood disorders like anemia, infections, inflammation, and cancer to check below purpose such as:-

• Abnormalities in the blood.
• Evaluation of overall health.
• Rule out any disease or disorder.
• Monitoring the treatment.
• Diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

 

 

CBC Test Preparation

Here's the basic CBC Test preparation mentioned below.

Before Test

• Follow the fasting instructions provided by your doctor.
• Inform about medications and supplements you're taking.
• Provide relevant medical history to the healthcare provider.

 

During Test

• Cooperate with the healthcare professional conducting the test.
• Provide a blood sample as requested.
• Stay calm and relaxed during the procedure.

 

After Test

• Resume normal activities.
• Follow any post-test instructions given by the healthcare provider.
• Await the test results and discuss them with your doctor.

 

Summary

Overall, preparation for a CBC test is generally minimal. Just be sure to inform your healthcare provider of any medications or supplements you are taking, hydrate well, and wear comfortable clothing that allows easy access to your arm for the blood draw.

 

Why is a CBC blood test done?

A CBC test means a test that is done to check a variety of reasons, including

• CBC test Review overall health and screen for disorders.
• CBC tests Diagnose conditions like anemia or leukemia.
• It can determine the cause of weakness, fatigue, or fever.
• Confirm or rule out an infection.
• CBC test monitor blood disorders and cell counts.
• Track the progress of medical treatment.
• Assess the effects of medications on blood cells.

Who Performs a CBC Test?

A CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test is performed by a Pathologist or Lab Technician or healthcare provider, a person who is called a phlebotomist, and usually blood draws, including those for tests like random blood sugar tests, but any healthcare provider trained in drawing blood can perform this task. 

 

What does a CBC test measure?

• A complete blood count (CBC) involves multiple measurements that include the Hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW), percentage and absolute differential counts, platelet count, red cell count (RBC) & white blood cell count (WBC).
• A hematocrit means that measures the percentage of red blood cells in your blood. Red blood cells are important because they carry oxygen throughout your body.
• A standard CBC includes many elements related to the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets that have been described in the following sections. 

 

CBC Test Results

CBC Test results are given in numbers, and often it depends on certain factors, including sex, age, and medical history. 

• It should be compared to a normal reference range or to previous results to have meaning. Normal ranges for CBCs might vary slightly from the lab.
• A Complete Blood Count (CBC) usually provides a piece of general information that can give doctors clues about possible health problems. 
• This information from a CBC helps the doctor decide whether other tests or procedures are needed to make a diagnosis. 
• The information might also help the doctor to develop or revise treatment plans.
• A doctor who is familiar with your medical history and overall health is the best person to explain your CBC results and what they mean for you.

The common terms used to describe CBC test results are:

• Anaemia - Not enough healthy RBCs or hemoglobin.
• Leukopenia - A low number of WBCs.
• Neutropenia - A low number of neutrophils.
• Leukocytosis - An increased number of WBCs.
• Thrombocytopenia - A low number of platelets.
• Thrombocytosis - An increased number of platelets.

 

CBC Test Report

CBC Test Report PDF

 

CBC Test Normal Report

CBC Test Normal Result Report

Normal CBC Test Report

 

CBC Test Abnormal Report

CBC Test Abnormal Result Report

Abnormal CBC Test Report

 

CBC Test Normal Range

Here are the normal ranges for a Complete Blood Count (CBC) test:

Component	Male	Female
White Blood Cells	4,500 to 11,000 cells/mcL	4,500 to 11,000 cells/mcL
Red Blood Cells	4.5 to 5.6 million cells/mcL	3.8 to 5.2 million cells/mcL
Hemoglobin	13.5 to 17.5 g/dL	12.0 to 15.5 g/dL
Hematocrit	38.8% to 50%	36% to 48%
Platelets	135,000 to 450,000/mcL	135,000 to 317,000/mcL

Note: "mcL" stands for microliter, which is a measure of volume in the metric system.

It's important to note that the normal ranges for CBC test results can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and health status. Your healthcare provider can interpret your CBC test results and explain what they mean for your specific situation.

 

CBC Test Interpretation

Here's an example of a CBC Test interpretation.

CBC Component	High Value Interpretation	Low Value Interpretation
WBC	Infection, inflammation	Bone marrow suppression
RBC	Polycythemia	Anemia
Hemoglobin	Polycythemia	Anemia
Hematocrit	Polycythemia	Anemia
Platelets	Thrombocytosis	Thrombocytopenia

 

CBC Test High Levels

Here are the potential causes of CBC Test High Levels.

Component	High Value Cause
White Blood Cells	Infection or inflammatory conditions.
Red Blood Cells	Dehydration or chronic lung diseases.
Hemoglobin	Polycythemia or lung diseases.
Hematocrit	Dehydration or lung diseases.
Platelets	Infection or bone marrow disorders.

 

CBC Test Low Levels

Here are the potential causes of CBC Test Low Levels.

Component	Low Value Cause
White Blood Cells	Bone marrow failure or immune disorders.
Red Blood Cells	Anemia or bleeding disorders.
Hemoglobin	Iron deficiency or blood loss.
Hematocrit	Anemia or fluid overload.
Platelets	Bone marrow disorders or medication side effects.

Summary

High levels of CBC components indicate possible infections, inflammation, or blood disorders, while low levels can suggest anemia, nutritional deficiencies, or bone marrow problems.

 

Abnormal RBC counts

A low RBC count may be due to the following:

• Anaemia is due to prolonged bleeding or blood loss (hemorrhage), a diet lacking iron or certain vitamins, certain types of chemotherapy, blood disorders, or chronic disease.
• Hodgkin's lymphoma and other lymphomas.
• The cancers of the blood, such as leukemia and multiple myeloma.
• Some myeloproliferative disorders.

 

A high RBC count may be due to the following:

• Severe dehydration, such as from severe diarrhea.
• Kidney tumors.
• Lung diseases.
• Polycythemia vera (a myeloproliferative disorder).

 

Abnormal WBC counts

A Low WBC count may be due to the following:

• Viral infection.
• A severe bacterial infection.
• Suppression of bone marrow is caused by treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
• Bone marrow diseases, such as leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
• Anaemia.

 

A High WBC count may be due to the following:

• Infection.
• Leukaemia.
• Some myeloproliferative disorders.
• Some types of cancer, such as bronchogenic carcinoma.
• Certain drugs, such as colony-stimulating factors.
• Stress, allergies, or tissue injury.

 

Abnormal Platelet Counts

A Low Platelet Count may be due to the following:

• Some of the cancer types, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
• Autoimmune diseases.
• Bacterial infection.
• Viral infection.
• Chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.
• Having many blood transfusions.

 

A High Platelet Count may be due to the following:

• prolonged bleeding or blood loss (hemorrhage).
• Anaemia from low iron levels.
• Infection (inflammation).
• Surgical removal of the spleen (splenectomy).
• Polycythemia vera.
• Some types of leukemia.

 

Specimen Requirements For CBC Test

Here are the specimen requirements for the CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test.

Specimen	Whole blood
Volume	Fill tube to capacity
Container	Lavender-top (EDTA) tube
Collection	Invert the tube 8 to 10 times immediately after the tube is filled at the time of collection.
Storage	Maintain specimen at room temperature.
Sample Stability	Temperature	Period
	Room temperature	1 day
	Refrigerated	3 days
	Frozen	Unstable
	Freeze/thaw cycles	Unstable
Causes for Rejection	Hemolysis, clotted specimen, specimen drawn in any anticoagulant other than EDTA, specimen diluted or contaminated, tube not filled with minimum volume & improper labeling.

 

CBC Test is Safe?

CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test is safe and widely used in clinical practice.

• It typically involves a routine blood draw, which carries minimal risks.
• Potential complications, such as bruising or infection, are rare but possible.

 

When Do You Get CBC Test Results?

CBC Test results are usually available within 1-2 hours to a full day.

• The exact timeframe may vary depending on the laboratory and healthcare provider.

 

CBC Test Limitation

Here are some possible limitations of the CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test.

• Limited in providing specific disease diagnosis.
• Can be influenced by other factors like medications.
• May not detect certain rare or early-stage conditions.

 

CBC Test Risk Factors

Here is the potential risk factor of the CBC (Complete Blood Count) Test.

• None significant for routine CBC test.
• Certain medications may affect CBC test results.
• Invasive procedures may cause temporary CBC changes.

 

Doctor Recommendations After CBC Test Result

Here are Doctor's recommendations or consult a specialist after the CBC Test.

CBC Test Results	Doctor to Visit	Reason
High	Hematologist	Possible infection or blood disorder
Normal	General Physician	No significant abnormalities
Low	Hematologist	Possible anemia or nutritional deficiency

 

CBC Test Price

Here are the estimated CBC Test Price in India with top different cities:

City	Price Range (INR)*
Mumbai	150 - 450
New Delhi	200 - 450
Bangalore	200 - 400
Hyderabad	200 - 450
Kolkata	200 - 450
Pune	150 - 400
Lucknow	150 - 400
Noida	200 - 400
Surat	150 - 400
Gurugram	200 - 400
Patna	150 - 400
Chennai	150 - 450
Jaipur	150 - 400
Ahmedabad	150 - 450

*Prices are approximate and vary depending on a specific laboratory or healthcare facility.

 

Summary

Overall, the CBC Test is a routine blood test that can reveal important information about a person's health status and is useful in diagnosing a range of medical conditions. We would recommend visiting the Drlogy Test for detailed information about all medical tests for patients, doctors, scholers and medical students.

 

Reference

• Complete blood count CBC Test - Wikipedia [1].
• Unreliable Automated Complete Blood Count Results: Causes, Recognition, and Resolution - NIH [2].