An increase in CA 15-3 levels can occur due to various factors. In breast cancer, the most common cause of elevated CA 15-3 levels is the presence of cancer cells producing this protein. However, CA 15-3 levels can also be elevated in other conditions, including benign breast diseases, liver disease, lung disease, and other types of cancer. Additionally, factors such as menstruation, pregnancy, and certain medications may temporarily increase CA 15-3 levels. To determine the cause of increased CA 15-3, further evaluation, including imaging studies, biopsies, and clinical assessment, is necessary. Consulting with a healthcare professional is important for accurate interpretation and diagnosis.