5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) Test

The 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) test checks for a chemical related to a type of tumor causing symptoms like flushing and diarrhea. It helps doctors diagnose and manage this condition.

5-HIAA Test

Here are the basic details of the 5-HIAA Test.

*Price range may vary as per location, lab type, and procedure of lab test.

5-HIAA Test Means

The 5-HIAA Test measures 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid levels, a metabolite of serotonin, to diagnose and monitor carcinoid tumors.

• It's used to detect tumors causing symptoms like flushing, diarrhea, and wheezing, and helps in their management.
• This test can be performed on urine (typically a 24-hour collection) and blood samples.
• Preparation involves dietary restrictions and discussing medication use with your healthcare provider.
• Normal values vary, and reporting usually takes 2-4 weeks, but costs may vary depending on the location and healthcare provider.

5-HIAA Test Purpose

The purpose of the 5-HIAA Test is to:

• 5-HIAA Test diagnoses carcinoid tumors, detecting symptoms like flushing, diarrhea, and wheezing.
• It monitors tumor progression and treatment effectiveness.
• Used to assess serotonin metabolism and production in the body.
• Helps guide medical interventions for patients with suspected carcinoid syndrome.
• Essential for managing and improving the quality of life for those with carcinoid tumors.

5-HIAA Test Preparation

Here is the basic preparation for the 5-HIAA Test.

Before Test

• Follow dietary restrictions, avoiding serotonin-rich foods.
• Discuss medication use with your healthcare provider.
• Understand any fasting requirements if needed for the test.

During Test

• Collect a 24-hour urine sample for accurate results.
• Follow instructions carefully for sample storage.
• Be patient, as the collection period can be lengthy.

After Test

• Continue any prescribed medications as advised.
• Await results typically reported in 1-2 days.
• Discuss findings and next steps with your healthcare provider.

5-HIAA Test Procedure

Here is the basic 5-HIAA Test Procedure.

• A 24-hour urine sample is preferred for this test, during which all urine is saved.
• Avoid serotonin-rich foods for a few days before the test.
• Discuss medication use with your healthcare provider.
• Store the urine sample in a cool, dark place during the 24-hour collection.
• Overnight fasting may be necessary if a blood sample is collected.
• The collected samples are then analyzed in a laboratory.
• Results are usually available within 2-4 weeks.
• Discuss your results and any further actions with your healthcare provider.

5-HIAA Test Result

• Elevated 5-HIAA levels may suggest carcinoid tumors or carcinoid syndrome.
• Normal levels don't rule out the presence of tumors.
• Further tests and medical evaluation are needed for a definitive diagnosis and treatment plan.

5-HIAA Test Normal Range

Here is the normal range of the 5-HIAA Test.

5-HIAA Test Interpretation

Here is the Interpretation of the 5-HIAA Test.

5-HIAA Test High Levels

Here are potential causes of high levels of 5-HIAA Test.

Elevated 5-HIAA levels may indicate carcinoid or serotonin-producing tumors, serotonin syndrome, or specific medications, causing associated symptoms.

5-HIAA Test Low Levels

Here are potential causes of high levels of 5-HIAA Test.

Low 5-HIAA levels may indicate absence of specific tumors or fluctuating serotonin production, possibly due to medications.

Specimen Requirements For 5-HIAA Test

Here are the specimen requirements for the 5-HIAA Test.

5-HIAA Test is Safe?

• The 5-HIAA test is generally safe and non-invasive.
• It involves urine or blood collection without significant risks.
• Any discomfort is usually minimal, and it's a routine diagnostic test.

When Do You Get 5-HIAA Test Results? 

• Typically, 5-HIAA test results are available within 2-4 weeks.
• The exact turnaround time may vary depending on the laboratory or healthcare facility.
• Your healthcare provider will inform you when to expect the results after the test.

5-HIAA Test Limitation

Here is the basic limitation of 5-HIAA Test.

• 5-HIAA levels may fluctuate, requiring repeated testing for accurate diagnosis.
• Some carcinoid tumors may not produce serotonin.
• False positives or negatives are possible.
• Medications and diet can affect test results.
• The test may not locate the tumor, requiring further imaging or biopsy.
• It cannot definitively confirm the presence of a carcinoid tumor on its own.
• Interpretation may require consideration of clinical symptoms and additional tests.

5-HIAA Test Risk Factors

Here are some of the risk factors of the 5-HIAA Test.

• Family history of carcinoid tumors or multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1) increases risk.
• Age: Most diagnoses occur in individuals in their early 60s.
• Gender: Both genders can be at risk.
• Certain genetic conditions may predispose individuals to carcinoid tumors.
• Prolonged exposure to specific environmental factors may be a risk.
• The risk can vary based on factors like race and ethnicity.
• Individuals with previous carcinoid tumor diagnosis are at increased risk for recurrence.

Doctor Recommendations After 5-HIAA Test Result

 Here are the Doctor's recommendations or consult a specialist after the 5-HIAA Test.

5-HIAA Test Price

Here are the estimated 5-HIAA Test Prices in India with different top cities:

*Prices are approximate and vary depending on a specific laboratory or healthcare facility.

Summary

Overall, The 5-HIAA test assesses serotonin metabolism, aiding in diagnosing carcinoid tumors and serotonin-related conditions, providing crucial insights into patient health. Also check Drlogy Test for detailed information about all medical tests for patients, doctors, scholers and medical students.

Reference

• 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid - Wikipedia [1].
• Biochemistry, 5 Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid - NIH [2].